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The dramatic change in the oceans and their circulation around the world also caused the poles to shift； drastically disturbing the earth's rotational balance。 Earth's axis was temporarily thrown off by two degrees； as the North and South Poles were displaced to new geographical locations； altering the centrifugal acceleration around the outer surface of the sphere。 Because they were fluid； the seas adapted before the earth made another three revolutions。 But the landmass could not react as quickly。 Earthquakes went on for months。
Savage storms with brutal winds swirled around the earth； shredding and disintegrating everything that stood on the ground for the next eighteen years before the poles stopped wobbling and settled into their new rotational axis。 In time； sea levels stabilized； permitting new shorelines to form as bizarre climatic conditions continued to moderate。 Changes became permanent。 The time sequence between night and day changed as the number of days in a year decreased by two。 The earth's magnetic field was also affected and moved northwest over a hundred miles。
Hundreds； perhaps thousands； of different species of animals and fish became instantly extinct。 In the Americas； the one…humped camel； the mammoth； an ice age horse； and the giant sloth all disappeared。 Gone also were the saber…toothed tiger； huge birds with twenty…five foot wingspans and many other animals that weighed a hundred or more pounds； most dying by asphyxiation from the smoke and volcanic gases。
Nor did the vegetation on land escape the apocalypse。 Plant life not turned to ashes by the holocaust died for lack of sunlight； along with the algae in the seas。 In the end； over 85 percent of all life on Earth would die from floods； fires； storms； avalanches； poison from the atmosphere； and eventual starvation。
Human societies； many quite advanced； and a myriad of emerging cultures on the threshold of a progressive golden age were annihilated in a single horrendous day and night。 Millions of Earth's men； women； and children died horribly。 All vestiges of emerging civilizations were gone； and the few pathetic survivors were left with nothing but dim memories of the past。 The coffin had been closed on the greatest uninterrupted advance of mankind； a ten…thousand…year journey from the simple Cro…Magnon man to kings； architects； stonemasons； artists； and warriors。 Their works and their mortal remains were buried deep beneath new seas； leaving few physical examples and fragments of an ancient advanced culture。 Entire nations and cities that had stood only a few hours before vanished without a trace。 The cataclysm of such magnitude left almost no evidence of any prior transcendent civilizations。
Of the shockingly low number of humans who survived； almost all lived in the higher altitudes of mountain ranges and were able to hide in caves to escape the furies of the turbulence。 Unlike the more advanced Bronze Age peoples who tended to cluster and build on low…lying plains near rivers and ocean shorelines； the inhabitants of the mountains were Stone Age nomads。 It was as though the cream of the crop； the Leonardo da Vincis； the Picassos； and the Einsteins of their era had evaporated into nothingness； abruptly leaving the world to be taken over by primitive nomadic hunters； a phenomenon similar to what happened to the glory of Greece and Rome after it was cast aside in favor of centuries of ignorance and creative lethargy。 A neolithic dark age shrouded the grave of the highly cultured civilizations that once existed in the world； a dark age that would last for two thousand years。 Slowly； very slowly； did mankind finally walk from the dark and begin building and creating cities and civilizations again in Mesopotamia and Egypt。
Pitifully few of the gifted builders and creative thinkers of the lost cultures survived to reach high ground。 Realizing their civilization was lost； never to rise again； they began a centuries…long quest to erect the mysterious megaliths and dolmens of huge upright stones found across Europe； Asia； the Pacific Islands； and into the lower Americas。 Long after the memory of their shining legacy had dimmed and bee little more than myth； their monuments memorating the frightful destruction and loss of life still acted as warnings of the next cataclysm to future generations。 But within a millennium； their descendants slowly forgot the old ways and assimilated with the nomadic tribes and ceased to exist as a race of advanced people。
For hundreds of years after the convulsion； humans were afraid to venture down from the mountains and re…inhabit the lower lands and coastal shorelines。 The technically superior seafaring nations were but vague thoughts of a distant past。 Ship construction and sailing techniques were lost and had to be reinvented by later generations whose more acplished ancestors were revered simply as gods。
All this death and devastation was caused by a hunk of dirty ice no larger than a small farm town in Iowa。 The et had wreaked its unholy havoc； mercilessly； viciously。 The earth had not been ravaged with such vehemence since a meteor had struck 65 million years earlier in a catastrophe that had exterminated the dinosaurs。
For thousands of years after the impact； ets were associated with superstitions of catastrophic events and considered omens of future tragedies。 They were blamed for everything from wars and pestilence to death and destruction。 Not until recent history were ets considered nature's wonders； like the splendor of a rainbow or clouds painted gold by a setting sun。
The biblical flood and a host of other calamity legends all had ties to this one tragedy。 The ancient civilizations of Olmecs； Mayans； and Aztecs of Central America had many traditions relating to an ancient cataclysmic event。 The Indian tribes throughout the United States passed down stories of waters flooding over their lands。 The Chinese； the Polynesians； and Africans all spoke of a cataclysm that decimated their ancestors。
But the legend that was spawned and that flourished throughout the centuries； the one that provoked the most mystery and intrigue； was that of the lost continent and civilization of Atlantis。
GHOST SHIP
September 30； 1858
Stefansson Bay； Antarctica
Roxanna Mender knew that if she stopped walking she would die。 She was near plete exhaustion and moving on willpower alone。 The temperature was well below zero； but it was the windchill from the frigid teeth of the ice gale that was biting through her skin。 The deadly drowsiness gently slipping over her was slowly draining her will to live。 She moved forward； one foot groping ahead of the other； stumbling when caught off balance by a sudden break in the ice field。 Her breath came in the rapid； rasping panting of a mountain climber struggling toward a peak in the Himalayas without oxygen equipment。
Her vision was nonexistent as the icy windblown particles swirled in front of her face； protected by a thick woolen scarf wrapped inside her fur…lined parka。 Though she only squinted between the layers of the scarf every other minute； her eyes were sore and reddened from the onslaught of the ti