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the rock this morning。
＇Saturday； 5th Sept。＇
It was fortunate that a landing was not attempted this evening； for at eight o'clock the wind shifted to E。S。E。； and at ten it had become a hard gale； when fifty fathoms of the floating light's hempen cable were veered out。 The gale still increasing； the ship rolled and laboured excessively； and at midnight eighty fathoms of cable were veered out； while the sea continued to strike the vessel with a degree of force which had not before been experienced。
＇Sunday； 6th Sept。＇
During the last night there was little rest on board of the PHAROS； and daylight； though anxiously wished for； brought no relief； as the gale continued with unabated violence。 The sea struck so hard upon the vessel's bows that it rose in great quantities； or in ‘green seas；' as the sailors termed it； which were carried by the wind as far aft as the quarter… deck； and not infrequently over the stern of the ship altogether。 It fell occasionally so heavily on the skylight of the writer's cabin； though so far aft as to be within five feet of the helm； that the glass was broken to pieces before the dead…light could be got into its place； so that the water poured down in great quantities。 In shutting out the water； the admission of light was prevented； and in the morning all continued in the most comfortless state of darkness。 About ten o'clock a。m。 the wind shifted to N。E。； and blew； if possible； harder than before； and it was accompanied by a much heavier swell of sea。 In the course of the gale； the part of the cable in the hause…hole had been so often shifted that nearly the whole length of one of her hempen cables； of 120 fathoms； had been veered out； besides the chain…moorings。 The cable； for its preservation； was also carefully served or wattled with pieces of canvas round the windlass； and with leather well greased in the hause…hole。 In this state things remained during the whole day； every sea which struck the vessel … and the seas followed each other in close succession … causing her to shake； and all on board occasionally to tremble。 At each of these strokes of the sea the rolling and pitching of the vessel ceased for a time； and her motion was felt as if she had either broke adrift before the wind or were in the act of sinking； but； when another sea came； she ranged up against it with great force； and this became the regular intimation of our being still riding at anchor。
About eleven o'clock； the writer with some difficulty got out of bed； but； in attempting to dress； he was thrown twice upon the floor at the opposite end of the cabin。 In an undressed state he made shift to get about half…way up the companion…stairs； with an intention to observe the state of the sea and of the ship upon deck； but he no sooner looked over the companion than a heavy sea struck the vessel； which fell on the quarter…deck； and rushed downstairs in the officers' cabin in so considerable a quantity that it was found necessary to lift one of the scuttles in the floor； to let the water into the limbers of the ship； as it dashed from side to side in such a manner as to run into the lower tier of beds。 Having been foiled in this attempt； and being completely wetted； he again got below and went to bed。 In this state of the weather the seamen had to move about the necessary or indispensable duties of the ship with the most cautious use both of hands and feet； while it required all the art of the landsman to keep within the precincts of his bed。 The writer even found himself so much tossed about that it became necessary； in some measure； to shut himself in bed； in order to avoid being thrown upon the floor。 Indeed； such was the motion of the ship that it seemed wholly impracticable to remain in any other than a lying posture。 On deck the most stormy aspect presented itself； while below all was wet and comfortless。
About two o'clock p。m。 a great alarm was given throughout the ship from the effects of a very heavy sea which struck her； and almost filled the waist； pouring down into the berths below； through every chink and crevice of the hatches and skylights。 From the motion of the vessel being thus suddenly deadened or checked； and from the flowing in of the water above； it is believed there was not an individual on board who did not think； at the moment； that the vessel had foundered； and was in the act of sinking。 The writer could withstand this no longer； and as soon as she again began to range to the sea he determined to make another effort to get upon deck。 In the first instance； however； he groped his way in darkness from his own cabin through the berths of the officers； where all was quietness。 He next entered the galley and other compartments occupied by the artificers。 Here also all was shut up in darkness； the fire having been drowned out in the early part of the gale。 Several of the artificers were employed in prayer； repeating psalms and other devotional exercises in a full tone of voice； others protesting that； if they should fortunately get once more on shore； no one should ever see them afloat again。 With the assistance of the landing…master； the writer made his way； holding on step by step； among the numerous impediments which lay in the way。 Such was the creaking noise of the bulk…heads or partitions； the dashing of the water； and the whistling noise of the winds； that it was hardly possible to break in upon such a confusion of sounds。 In one or two instances； anxious and repeated inquiries were made by the artificers as to the state of things upon deck； to which the captain made the usual answer； that it could not blow long in this way； and that we must soon have better weather。 The next berth in succession； moving forward in the ship； was that allotted for the seamen。 Here the scene was considerably different。 Having reached the middle of this darksome berth without its inmates being aware of any intrusion； the writer had the consolation of remarking that； although they talked of bad weather and the cross accidents of the sea； yet the conversation was carried on in that sort of tone and manner which bespoke an ease and composure of mind highly creditable to them and pleasing to him。 The writer immediately accosted the seamen about the state of the ship。 To these inquiries they replied that the vessel being light； and having but little hold of the water； no top…rigging； with excellent ground…tackle； and everything being fresh and new； they felt perfect confidence in their situation。
It being impossible to open any of the hatches in the fore part of the ship in communicating with the deck； the watch was changed by passing through the several berths to the companion…stair leading to the quarter…deck。 The writer； therefore； made the best of his way aft； and； on a second attempt to look out； he succeeded； and saw indeed an astonishing sight。 The sea or waves appeared to be ten or fifteen feet in height of unbroken water； and every approaching billow seemed as if it would overwhelm our vessel； but she continued to rise upon the waves and to fall between the seas in a very wonderful manner。 It seemed to be only those seas which caught her in the act of rising which struck her with