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the origins of contemporary france-2-第8章

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In the matter of papers none are good but new ones  those which

convey some discharge; quittance; or obligation to the advantage of

the people。  At Brignolles the owners of the gristmills are

constrained to execute a contract of sale by which they convey their

mills to the commune in consideration of 5;000 francs per annum;

payable in ten years without interest  an arrangement which ruins

them。  On seeing the contract signed the peasants shout and cheer;

and so great is their faith in this piece of stamped paper that they

at once cause a mass of thanksgiving to be celebrated in the

Cordeliers。  Formidable omens these! Which mark the inward purpose;

the determined will; and the coming deeds of this rising power。  If

it prevails; its first work will be to destroy all ancient

documents; all title deeds; rent…rolls; contracts; and claims to

which force compels it to submit。  By force likewise it will draw up

others to its own advantage; and the scribes who do it will be its

own deputies and administrators whom it holds in its rude grasp。



Those who are in high places are not alarmed; they even find that

there is some good in the revolt; inasmuch as it compels the towns

to suppress unjust taxation。'32'  The new Marseilles guard; formed

of young men; is allowed to march to Aubagne; 〃to insist that M。 le

lieutenant criminel and M。 l'avocat du Roi release the prisoners。〃

The disobedience of Marseilles; which refuses to receive the

magistrates sent under letters patent to take testimony; is

tolerated。  And better still; in spite of the remonstrances of the

parliament of Aix; a general amnesty is proclaimed; 〃no one is

excepted but a few of the leaders; to whom is allowed the liberty of

leaving the kingdom。〃 The mildness of the King and of the military

authorities is admirable。  It is admitted that the people are

children; that they err only through ignorance; that faith must be

had in their repentance; and; as soon as they return to order; they

must be received with paternal effusions。    The truth is; that

the child is a blind Colossus; exasperated by sufferings。  hence

whatever it takes hold of is shattered   not only the local wheels

of the provinces; which; if temporarily deranged; may be repaired;

but even the incentive at the center which puts the rest in motion;

and the destruction of which will throw the whole machinery into

confusion。



__________________________________________________________________



Notes:



 '1' Marmontel; 〃Mémoires;〃 II。  221。   Albert Babeau; 〃Histoire

de la Révolution Fran?aise;〃 I。  91; 187。  (Letter by Huez Mayor of

Troyes; July 30; 1788。)…   Archives Nationales; H。  1274。  (Letter

by M。 de Caraman; April 22; 1789。) H。  942 (Cahier des demandes des

Etats de Languedoc)。  …  Buchez et Roux; 〃Histoire Parlementaire;〃

I。  283。



'2' See 〃 The Ancient Régime;〃 p。34。  Albert Babeau; I。  91。  (The

Bishop of Troyes gives 12;000 francs; and the chapter 6;000; for the

relief workshops。)



'3' 〃The Ancient Regime;〃 350; 387。Floquet; 〃Histoire du Parlement

de Normandie;〃 VII。  505…518。  (Reports of the Parliament of

Normandy; May 3;1788。  Letter from the Parliament to the King; July

15; 1789。)



'4' Arthur Young; 〃Voyages in France;〃 June 29th; July 2nd and 18th

 〃 Journal de Paris;〃 January 2; 1789。  Letter of the curé of

Sainte…Marguerite。



'5' Buchez and Roux; IV。  79…82。  (Letter from the intermediary

bureau of Montereau; July 9; 1789; from the maire of Villeneuve…le…

Roi; July 10th; from M。 Baudry; July 10th; from M。 Prioreau; July

11th; etc。)   Montjoie; 〃Histoire de la Révolution de France;〃 2nd

part; ch。  XXI; p。  5。



'6' Roux et Buchez; ibid。  〃It is very unfortunate;〃 writes the

Marquis d'Autichamp; 〃to be obliged to cut down the standing crops

ready to be gathered in; but it is dangerous to let the troops die

of hunger。〃



'7' Montjoie; 〃Histoire de la Révolution de France;〃 ch。  XXXIX; V;

37。   De Goncourt; 〃La Société Fran?aise pendant la Révolution;〃

p。  5l3。   Deposition of Maillard (Criminal Inquiry of the

Chatelet concerning the events of October 5th and 6th)。



'8' De Tocqueville; 〃L'Ancien Régime et la Révolution;〃 272…290。  De

Lavergne; 〃Les Assemblées provinciales;〃 109。  Procès…verbaux des

assemblées provinciales; passim。



'9' A magistrate who gives judgment in a lower court in cases

relative to taxation。  These terms are retained because there are no

equivalents in English。  (Tr。)



'10' 〃Laboureurs;〃  this term; at this epoch; is applied to those

who till their own land。  (Tr。)



'11' Duvergier。  〃Collection des lois et décrets;〃 I。  1 to 23; and

particularly p。  15。



'12' Parish priests。  (SR。)



'13' Arthur Young; July 12th ; 1789 (in Champagne)。



'14' Montjoie; 1st part; 102。



'15' Floquet; 〃Histoire du Parlement de Normandie;〃 VII。  508。   〃

Archives Nationales;〃 H。  1453。



'16' Arthur Young; June 29th (at Nangis)。



'17' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 H。1453。  Letter of the Duc de Mortemart;

Seigneur of Bray; May 4th; of M。 de Ballainvilliers; intendant of

Languedoc; April 15th。



'18' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 H。1453。  Letter of the intendant; M。

d'Agay; April 30th; of the municipal officers of Nantes; January

9th; of the intendant; M。 Meulan d'Ablois; June 22nd; of M。 de

Ballainvilliers; April 15th。



'19' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 H。  1453。  Letter of the Count de

Langeron; July 4th; of M。 de Meulan d'Ablois; June 5th; 〃Minutes of

the meeting of la Maréchaussée de Bost;〃 April 29th。  Letters of M。

de Chazerat; May 29th; of M。 de Bezenval; June 2nd; of the

intendant; M。 Amelot; April 25th。



'20' '〃Archives Nationales;〃 H。1453。  Letter of M。 de Bezenval; May

27th; of M。 de Ballainvilliers; April 25th; of M。 de Foullonde;

April 19th。



'21' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 H。1453。  Letter of the intendant; M。

d'Aine; March 12th; of M。 d'Agay; April 30th; of M。 Amelot; April

25th; of the municipal authorities of Nantes; January 9th; etc。



'22' 〃The Ancient Régime;〃 pp。  380…389。



'23' Floquet; VII。  508; (Report of February 27th)。  …  Hippeau; 〃La

Gouvernement de Normandie;〃 IV。  377。  (Letter of M。 Perrot; June

23rd。)   〃 Archives Nationales;〃 H。  1453。  Letter of M。 de

Sainte…Suzanne; April 29th。  Ibid。  F7; 3250。  Letter of M。 de

Rochambeau; May 16th Ibid。  F7; 3250。  Letter of the Abbé Duplaquet;

Deputy of the Third Estate of Saint…Quentin; May 17th。  Letter of

three husbandmen in the environs of Saint…Quentin; May 14th。



'24' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 H。  1453。  Letter of the Count de

Perigord; military commandant of Languedoc; April 22nd。



'25' Floquet; VII。  511 (from the 11th to the 14th July)。



'26' 〃Archives Nationales;〃 H。  1453。  Letter of the municipal

authorities of Nantes; January 9th; of the sub…delegate of Plo?rmel;

July 4th; ibid。  F7; 2353。  Letter of the intermediary commission of

Alsace; September 8th ibid。  F7; 3227。  Letter of the intendant;

Caze de la Bov
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