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gets no rest at all。'
Ethelberta too keenly felt the justice of this remark； querulous as
it was； to care to defend herself。 It was hopeless to attempt to
explain to her mother that the oscillations of her mind might arise
as naturally from the perfection of its balance； like those of a
logan…stone； as from inherent lightness； and such an explanation；
however comforting to its subject； was little better than none to
simple hearts who only could look to tangible outcrops。
'Really； Ethelberta；' remonstrated her mother； 'this is very odd。
Making yourself miserable in trying to get a position on our account
is one thing； and not necessary； but I think it ridiculous to rush
into the other extreme； and go wilfully down in the scale。 You may
just as well exercise your wits in trying to swim as in trying to
sink。'
'Yes； that's what I think；' said her father。 'But of course Berta
knows best。'
'I think so too；' said Gwendoline。
'And so do I；' said Cornelia。 'If I had once moved about in large
circles like Ethelberta； I wouldn't go down and be a schoolmistress…
…not I。'
'I own it is foolishsuppose it is；' said Ethelberta wearily； and
with a readiness of misgiving that showed how recent and hasty was
the scheme。 'Perhaps you are right； mother； anything rather than
retreat。 I wonder if you are right！ Well； I will think again of it
to…night。 Do not let us speak more about it now。'
She did think of it that night； very long and painfully。 The
arguments of her relatives seemed ponderous as opposed to her own
inconsequent longing for escape from galling trammels。 If she had
stood alone； the sentiment that she had begun to build but was not
able to finish； by whomsoever it might have been entertained； would
have had few terrors； but that the opinion should be held by her
nearest of kin； to cause them pain for life； was a grievous thing。
The more she thought of it； the less easy seemed the justification
of her desire for obscurity。 From regarding it as a high instinct
she passed into a humour that gave that desire the appearance of a
whim。 But could she really set in train events； which； if not
abortive； would take her to the altar with Viscount Mountclere？
In one determination she never faltered； to commit her sin
thoroughly if she committed it at all。 Her relatives believed her
choice to lie between Neigh and Ladywell alone。 But once having
decided to pass over Christopher； whom she had loved； there could be
no pausing for Ladywell because she liked him； or for Neigh in that
she was influenced by him。 They were both too near her level to be
trusted to bear the shock of receiving her from her father's hands。
But it was possible that though her genesis might tinge with
vulgarity a commoner's household； susceptible of such depreciation；
it might show as a picturesque contrast in the family circle of a
peer。 Hence it was just as well to go to the end of her logic；
where reasons for tergiversation would be most pronounced。 This
thought of the viscount； however； was a secret for her own breast
alone。
Nearly the whole of that night she sat weighingfirst； the question
itself of marrying Lord Mountclere； and； at other times； whether；
for safety； she might marry him without previously revealing family
particulars hitherto held necessary to be revealeda piece of
conduct she had once felt to be indefensible。 The ingenious
Ethelberta； much more prone than the majority of women to theorize
on conduct； felt the need of some soothing defence of the actions
involved in any ambiguous course before finally committing herself
to it。
She took down a well…known treatise on Utilitarianism which she had
perused once before； and to which she had given her adherence ere
any instance had arisen wherein she might wish to take it as a
guide。 Here she desultorily searched for argument； and found it；
but the application of her author's philosophy to the marriage
question was an operation of her own； as unjustifiable as it was
likely in the circumstances。
'The ultimate end；' she read； 'with reference to and for the sake of
which all other things are desirable （whether we are considering our
own good or that of other people） is an existence exempt as far as
possible from pain； and as rich as possible in enjoyments； both in
point of quantity and quality。 。 。 。 This being； according to the
utilitarian opinion； the end of human action； is necessarily also
the standard of morality。'
It was an open question； so far； whether her own happiness should or
should not be preferred to that of others。 But that her personal
interests were not to be considered as paramount appeared further
on：
'The happiness which forms the standard of what is right in conduct
is not the agent's own happiness but that of all concerned。 As
between his own happiness and that of others； utilitarianism
requires him to be as strictly impartial as a disinterested and
benevolent spectator。'
As to whose happiness was meant by that of 'other people；' 'all
concerned；' and so on； her luminous moralist soon enlightened her：
'The occasions on which any person （except one in a thousand） has it
in his power to do this on an extended scalein other words； to be
a public benefactorare but exceptional； and on these occasions
alone is he called on to consider public utility； in every other
case private utility； the interest or happiness of some few persons；
is all he has to attend to。'
And that these few persons should be those endeared to her by every
domestic tie no argument was needed to prove。 That their happiness
would be in proportion to her own well…doing； and power to remove
their risks of indigence； required no proving either to her now。
By a sorry but unconscious misapplication of sound and wide
reasoning did the active mind of Ethelberta thus find itself a
solace。 At about the midnight hour she felt more fortified on the
expediency of marriage with Lord Mountclere than she had done at all
since musing on it。 In respect of the second query； whether or not；
in that event； to conceal from Lord Mountclere the circumstances of
her position till it should be too late for him to object to them；
she found her conscience inconveniently in the way of her theory；
and the oracle before her afforded no hint。 ' Ahit is a point for
a casuist！' she said。
An old treatise on Casuistry lay on the top shelf。 She opened it
more from curiosity than from guidance this time； it must be
observedat a chapter bearing on her own problem； 'The disciplina
arcani； or； the doctrine of reserve。'
Here she read that there were plenty of apparent instances of this
in Scripture； and that it was formed into a recognized system in the
early Church。 With reference to direct acts of deception； it was
argued that since there were confessedly cases where killing is no
murder； might there not be cases where lying is no sin？ It could
not be rightor； indeed； anything but most absurdto say in effect
that no doubt circumstances would occur where every sound man would
tell a lie； and would be a brute or a fool if he did not； and to say
at the same time that it is quite indefensible in princ