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concluded。 It is worthy of remark that the delay was occasioned by
Bonaparte。 Negotiations were therefore suspended； and M。 de Champagny
had ceased for several days to see the Prince of Lichtenstein when the
affair of Staps took place。 Immediately after Napoleon's examination of
the young fanatic he sent for M。 de Champagny： 〃How are the negotiations
going on？〃 he inquired。 The Minister having informed him； the Emperor
added； 〃I wish them to be resumed immediately： I wish for peace； do not
hesitate about a few millions more or less in the indemnity demanded from
Austria。 Yield on that point。 I wish to come to a conclusion： I refer
it all to you。〃 The Minister lost no time in writing to the Prince of
Lichtenstein： on the same night the two negotiators met at Raab； and the
clauses of the treaty which had been suspended were discussed； agreed
upon； and signed that very night。 Next morning M。 de Champagny attended
the Emperor's levee with the treaty of peace as it had been agreed on。
Napoleon； after hastily examining it； expressed his approbation of every
particular； and highly complimented his Minister on the speed with which
the treaty had been brought to a conclusion。'
＇This definitive treaty of peace； which is sometimes called the
Treaty of Vienna； Raab； or Schoenbrunn； contained the following
articles：
1。 Austria ceded in favour of the Confederation of the Rhine （these
fell to Bavaria）； Salzburg； Berchtolsgaden； and a part of Upper
Austria。
2。 To France directly Austria ceded her only seaport； Trieste； and
all the countries of Carniola； Friuli； the circle of Vilach； with
parts of Croatia end Dalmatia。 （By these cessions Austria was
excluded from the Adriatic Sea； and cut off from all communication
with the navy of Great Britain。） A small lordship； en enclave in
the； territories of the Grieve League； was also gives up。
3。 To the constant ally of Napoleon； to the King of Saxony； in that
character Austria ceded some Bohemian enclaves in Saxony end； in his
capacity of Grand Duke of Warsaw； she added to his Polish dominions
the ancient city of Cracow； and all Western Galicia。
4。 Russia； who had entered with but a lukewarm zeal into the war as
an ally of France； had a very moderate share of the spoils of
Austria。 A portion of Eastern Galicia； with a population of 400；000
souls； was allotted to her； but in this allotment the trading town
of Brody （almost the only thing worth having） was specially
excepted。 This last circumstance gave no small degree of disgust to
the Emperor Alexander； whose admiration of Napoleon was not destined
to have a long duration； Editor of 1836 edition。
CHAPTER XXI。
1809。
The Princess Royal of DenmarkDestruction of the German Empire
Napoleons visit to the Courts of Bavaria and WurtembergHis return
to FranceFirst mention of the divorceIntelligence of Napoleon's
marriage with Maria LouisaNapoleon's quarrel with LouisJourney
of the Emperor and Empress into HollandRefusal of the Hanse Towns
to pay the French troopsDecree for burning English merchandise
M。 de VergennesPlan for turning an inevitable evil to the best
accountFall on the exchange of St Petersburg
About this time I had the pleasure of again seeing the son of the
reigning Duke of Mecklenburg…Schwerin； whose arrival in the Hanse Towns
was speedily followed by that of his sister； Princess Frederica Charlotte
of Mecklenburg； married to the Prince Royal of Denmark； Christian
Frederick。 In November the Princess arrived at Altana from Copenhagen；
the reports circulated respecting her having compelled her husband to
separate from her。 The history of this Princess； who； though perhaps
blamable； was nevertheless much pitied； was the general subject of
conversation in the north of Germany at the time I was at Hamburg。 The
King of Denmark； grieved at the publicity of the separation； wrote a
letter on the subject to the Duke of Mecklenburg。 In this letter； which
I had an opportunity of seeing； the King expressed his regret at not
having been able to prevent the scandal； for； on his return from a
journey to Kiel； the affair had become so notorious that all attempts at
reconciliation were vain。 In the meantime it was settled that the
Princess was to remain at Altona until something should be decided
respecting her future condition。
It was Baron Plessen； the Duke of Mecklenburg's Minister of State； who
favoured me with a sight of the King of Denmark's letters。 M。 Plessen
told me； likewise； at the time that the Duke had formed the irrevocable
determination of not receiving his daughter。 A few days after her
arrival the Princess visited Madame de Bourrienne。 She invited us to her
parties； which were very brilliant； and several times did us the honour
of being present at ours。 But； unfortunately； the extravagance of her
conduct； which was very unsuitable to her situation； soon became the
subject of general animadversion。
I mentioned at the close of the last chapter how the promptitude of M。 de
Champagny brought about the conclusion of the treaty known by the name of
the Treaty of Schoenbrunn。 Under this the ancient edifice of the German
Empire was overthrown； and Francis II。 of Germany became Francis I。；
Emperor of Austria。 He； however； could not say； like his namesake of
France； 'Tout est perdu fors l'honneur'； for honour was somewhat
committed； even had nothing else been lost。 But the sacrifices Austria
was compelled； to make were great。 The territories ceded to France were
immediately united into a new general government； under the collective
denomination of the Illyrian Provinces。 Napoleon thus became master of
both sides of the Adriatic； by virtue of his twofold title of Emperor of
France and King of Italy。 Austria； whose external commerce thus received
a check； had no longer any direct communication with the sea。 The loss
of Fiume； Trieste； and the sea…coast appeared so vast a sacrifice that it
was impossible to look forward to the duration of a peace so dearly
purchased。
The affair of Staps； perhaps； made Napoleon anxious to hurry away from
Schoenbrunn； for he set off before he had ratified the preliminaries of
the peace； announcing that he would ratify them at Munich。 He proceeded
in great haste to Nymphenburg； where he was expected on a visit to the
Court of Bavaria。 He next visited the King of Wurtemberg； whom he
pronounced to be the cleverest sovereign in Europe； and at the end of
October he arrived at Fontainebleau。 From thence he proceeded on
horseback to Paris； and he rode so rapidly that only a single chasseur of
his escort could keep up with him； and； attended by this one guard； he
entered the court of the Tuileries。 While Napoleon was at Fontainebleau；
before his return to Paris； Josephine for the first time heard the
divorce mentioned； the idea had occurred to the Emperor's mind while he
was at Schoenbrunn。 It was also while at Fontainebleau that Napoleon
appointed M。 de Montalivet to be Minister of the Interior。 The letters