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e preponderantly SELF…conscious； he inevitably set about deflecting sex…activities to his own private pleasure and advantage； he employed his budding intellect in scheming the derailment of passion and desire from tribal needs and； Nature's uses to the poor details of his own gratification。 If the first stage of harmonious sex…instinct and activity may be held as characteristic of the Golden Age； the second stage must be taken to represent the Fall of man and his expulsion from Paradise in the Garden of Eden story。 The pleasure and glory of Sex having been turned to self…purposes； Sex itself became the great Sin。 A sense of guilt overspread man's thoughts on the subject。 〃He knew that he was naked；〃 and he fled from the voice and face of the Lord。 From that moment one of the main objects of his life （in its inner and newer activities） came to be the DENIAL of Sex。 Sex was conceived of as the great Antagonist； the old Serpent lying ever in wait to betray him； and there arrived a moment in the history of every race； and of every representative religion； when the sexual rites and ceremonies of the older time lost their naive and quasi…innocent character and became afflicted with a sense of guilt and indecency。 This extraordinarily interesting and dramatic moment in human evolution was of course that in which self…consciousness grew powerful enough to penetrate to the centre of human vitality； the sanctumof man's inner life； his sexual instinct； and to deal it a terrific blowa blow from which it has never yet recovered； and from which indeed it will not recover； until the very nature of man's inner life is changed。
It may be said that it was very foolish of Man to deny and to try to expel a perfectly natural and sensible thing； a necessary and indispensable part of his own nature。 And that； as far as I can see； is perfectly true。 But sometimes it is unavoidable； it would seem； to do foolish things if only to convince oneself of one's own foolishness。 On the other hand； this policy on the part of Man was certainly very wisewiser than he knewfor in attempting to drive out Sex （which of course he could not do） he entered into a conflict which was bound to end in the expulsion of SOMETHING； and that something was the domination； within himself； of self…consciousness； the very thing which makes and ever has made sex detestable。 Man did not succeed in driving the snake out of the Garden； but he drove himself out； taking the real old serpent of self…greed and self… gratification with him。 When some day he returns to Paradise this latter will have died in his bosom and been cast away； but he will find the good Snake there as of old； full of healing and friendliness； among the branches of the Tree of Life。
Besides it is evident from other considerations that this moment of the denial of sex HAD to come。 When one thinks of the enormous power of this passion； and its age…long； hold upon the human race； one realizes that once liberated from the instinctive bonds of nature； and backed by a self…conscious and self…seeking human intelligence it was on the way to become a fearful curse。
A monstrous Eft was of old the Lord and Master of Earth； For him did his high sun flame； and his river billowing ran。
And this may have been all very well and appropriate in the carboniferous Epoch； but WE in the end of Time have no desire to fall under any such preposterous domination； or to return to the primal swamps from which organic nature has so slowly and painfully emerged。
I say it was the entry of self…consciousness into the sphere of Sex； and the consequent use of the latter for private ends； which poisoned this great race…power at its root。 For above all； Sex； as representing through Childbirth the life of the Race （or of the Tribe； or； if you like； of Humanity at large） should be sacred and guarded from merely selfish aims； and therefore to use it only for such aims is indeed a desecration。 And even ifas some maintain and I think rightly＇1＇sex is not MERELY for child…birth and physical procreation； but for mutual vitalizing and invigoration； it still subserves union and not egotism； and to use it egotistically is to commit the sin of Separation indeed。 It is to cast away and corrupt the very bond of life and fellowship。 The ancient peoples at any rate threw an illumination of religious （that is； of communal and public） value over sex…acts； and to a great extent made them into matters either of Temple…ritual and the worship of the gods； or of communal and pandemic celebration； as in the Saturnalia and other similar festivals。 We have certainly no right to regard these celebrationsof either kindas insincere。 They were； at any rate in their inception； genuinely religious or genuinely social and festal； and from either point of view they were far better than the secrecy of private indulgence which characterizes our modern world in these matters。 The thorough and shameless commercialism of Sex has alas！ been reserved for what is called 〃Christian civilization；〃 and with it （perhaps as a necessary consequence） Prostitution and Syphilis have grown into appalling evils； accompanied by a gigantic degradation of social standards； and upgrowth of petty Philistinism and niaiserie。 Love； in fact； having in this modern world…movement been denied； and its natural manifestations affected with a sense of guilt and of sin； has really languished and ceased to play its natural part in life； and a vast number of peopleboth men and women； finding themselves barred or derailed from the main object of existence； have turned their energies to 'business' or 'money…making' or 'social advancement' or something equally futile； as the only poor substitute and pis aller open to them。
＇1＇ See Havelock Ellis； The Objects of Marriage； a pamphlet published by the 〃British Society for the Study of Sex…psychology。〃
Why （again we ask） did Christianity make this apparently great mistake？ And again we must reply： Perhaps the mistake was not so great as it appears to be。 Perhaps this was another case of the necessity of learning by loss。 Love had to be denied； in the form of sex； in order that it might thus the better learn its own true values and needs。 Sex had to be rejected； or defiled with the sense of guilt and self… seeking； in order that having cast out its defilement it might return one day； transformed in the embrace of love。 The whole process has had a deep and strange world… significance。 It has led to an immensely long period of suppressionsuppression of two great instinctsthe physical instinct of sex and the emotional instinct of love。 Two things which should naturally be conjoined have been separated； and both have suffered。 And we know from the Freudian teachings what suppressions in the root…instincts necessarily mean。 We know that they inevitably terminate in diseases and distortions of proper action； either in the body or in the mind； or in both； and that these evils can only be cured by the liberation of the said instincts again to their proper expression and harmonious functioning in the whole organism。 No wonder then that； with this agelong suppression （necessary in a sense though it may have been） which marks the Christian dispensation； there shou